Text and photographs copyright of Jim Shead.

This Book "Priestley's Navigable Rivers and Canals" by Joseph Priestley was previously published in April 1831. NOTE: Oringinally called "Historical Account of the Navigable Rivers, Canals, and Railways, of Great Britain".

Index Page

Priesley's Navigable Rivers and Canals

The book was first published in 1831 as a companion work to Nichols, Priestley and Walkers Map of the Inland Navigation, Canals and Rail Roads, with the Situations of the various Mineral Productions, throughout Great Britian, based on the Ordanance Survey. The map was the work of John Walker oF Wakefield, a land and mineral surveyor but suffered from two disadvantages: the scale was too small and the routes shown were as authorised by the relevant Acts of Parliament. Both these disadvantages were overcome by a set of maps produced by Bradshaw at about this time. The consequece of this was that while Walker's map was little used the book that was meant to accompany it became a standard reference work.

It should be remembered that the descriptions in the book are of the canals as authorised and that many of the lines described were altered during the course of construction and that some were never built at all.

The author was a canal manager who had worked on the Wilts & Berks canal and later on the Aire & Calder Navigation. He was also at one time on the committee of the Severn & Wye Railway & Canal company. He was the son of another Joseph Priestley who worked as an accountant for the Leeds & Liverpool Canal.

About the Web Version

This HTML edition of the book has been taken from the 1969 facsimile edition of the original book.

Changes fron the Original

The typeface, lineation, type justification and colours have not been preserved, although the original page breaks are marked to aid readers who wish to refer to a printed copy of the book. Headings and sub-headings are shown in colour to aid the location of items on web pages that normally hold 20 pages of the original document. Some of the original tables in the book have been changed, for example where text was printed vertically in the original and when the shillings and pence (s. d.) contained in table headings have been moved to the body of the table. In the original book quotations that spanned lines were given quotation marks at the begining of each new line. The lineation of the web edition is determined by the web browser and window size so quotation marks only appear at the begining and end of a quotation.

Things Unchanged

The words, figures, spelling, punctuation, italicisation, paragraphs and general layout are intended to be as originally published. Any deviation from this policy is due to my errors, perhaps augmented by OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software, and I can only offer apologies for such cases.

Web Page Index

One addition to the original is the Index Page which is intended to give an overview of the contents of the book and give easy access to information.

Title Pages and Dedications

The first three sheets (6 pages) of the original published volume were used for title, dedications and other general information usually found at the front of books. None of these pages were numbered and pages 4 and 6 were blank. The information on the other 4 pages was as follows:-

Page 1

- HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE NAVIGABLE RIVERS, CANALS, AND RAILWAYS, OF GREAT BRITAIN. AS A REFERENCE TO NICHOLS, PRIESTLEY & WALKER'S NEW MAP OF INLAND NAVIGATION, DERIVED FROM ORIGINAL AND PARLIAMENTARY DOCUMENTS IN THE POSSESSION OF JOSEPH PRIESTLEY, Esq. LONDON: LONGMAN, REES, ORME, BROWN & GREEN, PATERNOSTER-ROW; G. AND J. CARY, MAP AND GLOBE SELLERS, 86, ST. JAMES'S-STREET, AND RICHARD NICHOLS, WAKEFIELD. MDCCCXXXI.

Page 2

- ENTERED AT STATIONER'S HALL - WAKEFIELD: RICHARD NICHOLS, TYPOGRAPHER, MARKET-PLACE.

Page 3

- THE LARGE SIX SHEET MAP OF THE INLAND NAVIGATION AND RAILWAYS, OF GREAT BRITAIN, THE UNINTERRUPTED LABOUR OF SEVEN YEARS, TO WHICH THIS VOLUME FORMS A REFERENCE, HAVING RECEIVED THE ESPECIAL PATRONAGE OF THE LATE KING, IS NOW, BY THE NATURAL COURSE OF EVENTS, AND WITH PERMISSION, MOST GRATEFULLY DEDICATED TO KING WILLIAM THE FOURTH, BY HIS MAJESTY'S MOST OBEDIENT AND MOST DEVOTED SUBJECTS AND SERVANTS, NICHOLS, PRIESTLEY & WALKER. -

Page 5

- TO THOMAS TELFORD, Esq. F.R.S.L.&E. PRESIDENT OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS; TO THE VICE-PRESIDENTS AND MEMBERS OF THAT SCIENTIFIC AND HIGHLY TALENTED BODY, THIS WORK, IS MOST RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED, BY THEIR OBEDIENT SERVANT, JO. PRIESTLEY. -

The page following the title pages (i.e. page 7) is the start ot the preface which is given in full below. Page 7 has no number on the original book but pages 8 to 14 are numbered in Roman numerals from viii to xiv. After the Preface there is another title sheet before the body of the work which is on pages numbered 1 to 702 in Arabic numerals. This is followed by an 8 page index (numbered to page viii in Roman numerals) with its own title page preceeding.

PREFACE.

THE ORIGIN of INLAND NAVIGATION, like most other useful discoveries, is involved in great obscurity, and any attempt to ascertain the precise period of the invention or the name of him, who first pointed out the utility of these important adjuncts to the convenience and profit of commercial nations, would be merely to speculate on a subject, which has hitherto bid defiance to conjecture, and which will, in all human probability, for ever remain without satisfactory elucidation. Not so, however, the results to which it has given rise - as the great Newtonian System of Gravitation owed its existence to a trifling accident of almost daily occurrence, so the numerous canals, which intersect nearly every country of the civilized world, though they might possibly be traced to circumstances of the same trivial import, are no less remarkable for the astonishing effects they produce and the advantages they hold out, as well to the industrious artisan as to the enterprising trader.

That the ancient inhabitants of every pert of the globe, where with history has made us acquainted, were alive in a greater or less degree to the benesfits resulting from the adoption of inland navigation, is a fact that may without difficulty be substantiated.

In India, particularly in that part of it known to us as the province of Bengal, the use of canals was early appreciated; not later than 1355 the Emperor Ferose III. made a canal one hundred miles long, from the River Suttuluz to the River Jidger: in the following years of his reign the same illustrious monarch completed us less than five other canals, all of which were of the greatest utility to the districts through which they passed. inasmuch as they afforded a supply of water for the fertilizing of the

PREFACE. viii

lands upon their banks, and an easy conveyance for the produce thus obtained. Nor should the Ganges and Burrampooter pass unnoticed, since these rivers, with many tributary streams, form a series of natural canals, which, with little aid from the art of man, add at once to the convenience and prosperity of the extensive district through which they flow; and which, we have substantial reasons for concluding, were a principal source of emolument to the people of India from a very early period.

In Egypt, the great canal, whereby a communication was made between the Nile and the Red Sea, was commenced so early as the reign of Necos, son of Psammetichus, and completed by the Second Ptolemy. Its breadth was such that two gallies abreast could easily be navigated thereon, and by it the riches and merchandize of the east were conveyed from the Red Sea to the Nile, from thence to the Mediterranean, and to all the commercial nations of that day. The Nile also with ith numerous branches, and if we may here use the term, its collateral cuts, afforded ample means of water carriage to the people both of Upper and Lower Egypt; the result of which was an astonishing increase in the commerce, and consequently in the prosperity, of every part to which this mode of conveyance extended.

In China, particularly in the eastern provinces of that immense empire, multitudes of canals are every where met with; most of which furnish undeniable evidence of their antiquity and of the skill of their original constructors. The Royal Canal which was completed in the year 980 and occupied the labour of thirty thousand men for forty-three years, is a most stupendous monument of the enterprise, ingenuity and perseverance of the ancient Chinese. Its length of main line is upwards of eight hundred and twenty-five miles, and innumerable collateral branches are cut from it in every direction. Upon the surface of this canal and its subsidiaries many thousand families live in vessels, which form their travelling habitations, and which they seldom quit from their birth till their decease. And some idea may be formed of the traffic upon it, when it is stated that the Emperor alone has ten thousand vessels constantly employed upon the different parts of its line.

The utility of inland navigation was hardly likely to have escaped the notice of Greece, skilled as her ancient people were

PREFACE. ix

in every branch of art and science, we accordingly find in history, that though well supplied with rivers, many canals and aqueducts were constructed, or at least begun, in the days of her prosperity. And here it may not be out of place to offer as a conjecture, that canals were in many instances originally adapted to other purposes than those of commerce, and that this latter object was rather an adoption than an invention. Thus the canals, which Strabo in forms us were cut in Beotia for drawing off and keeping at a certain level the waters of Lake Copais, were afterwards used for the purposes of commerce and formed a commodious line of navigation. A navigable communication between the Ionian Sea and the Archipelago was early attempted by the Greeks, who designed a line of canal across the Isthmus of Corinth, but failed in the execution.

Their rivals and, in most cases, successful imitators, the Romans, were equally alive to the advantages of inland navigation. No less than three of the Roman Emperors renewed the attempt of cutting a canal across the Isthmus, but were obliged to abandon the project. Drusus, who commanded, under Augustus, an army which was to march into Germany, had a canal made from the river, now called the Rhine to the Issel, for the sole purpose of conveying his army upon it. By this canal he lessened the waters of the right branch of the Rhine, and in the course of his work formed a third mouth of that river into the sea, as is mentioned by Pliny. Lucius Verus, when the Roman Army under his command was in Gaul, attempted a canal between the Moselle and the Rhine; another canal twenty-three miles in length was made by the Romans in the reign of Claudius, between the Rhine and Maese, supposed to be the canal, which now commences at Leyden and passes by Delft to its junction with the Maese at Sluys. This is an instance of adoption, the canal being originally cut for the purpose of draining the country when overflowed by inundations from the sea, but subsequently applied to the purposes of navigation. The canal, which is still used for the purposes for which it was constructed, viz, that of draining Lake Celano, formerly the Fucine Lake, into the Liris, was executed by Claudius, who employed thirty thousand men thereon for no less a period than twelve years.

PREFACE. x

In France the history of inland navigation may be traced backward for a long succession of years. The great canal of Burgundy, better known as the canal of Briare, commencing at that town in the River Loire, and passing on to Montargis, proceeds to a junction with the canal of Orleans, and falls into the Seine at Fontainbleau. This work was commenced under Henry the Fourth. The famous canal of Languedoc, forming a junction between the Ocean and the Mediterranean, was projected in the reign of Francis I. in 1661, and finished in fifteen years; it is remarkable for being the first canal whereon tunnels were used, having one of considerable length under a mountain in the neighbourhood of Belgiers. We could easily enlarge the list of French Canals, but the above will be sufficient to prove the length of time, during which the utility of such modes of conveyance has been known and acted upon in that country.

In Russia the Czar Peter, ever alive to projects for the improvement of his vast empire, became soon convinced of the utility of navigable canals; in his tour of Europe he had means of ascertaining the extent, to which the various countries he visited were enriched by the instrumentality of these modes of conveyance, and he was not slow to profit by the example. One of his principal projected canals was that from the Caspian Sea to Petersburg, whereby he proposed to open a mercantile communication between that place and Persia. This project, however, he did not live to accomplish. But what he had designed was carried on by his successors with so much zeal, that there is not a country in the world, where inland navigation is more extensively employed than in Russia. And here, by the way, we must not omit noticing the high compliment paid by foreign countries to the talents of our English engineers, an instance of which occurred in the reign of the illustrious Catherine, who offered a large sum of money and many local advantages to our countryman, Mr. Smeaton, on condition of his accepting the office of chief engineer in her dominions.

We cannot within our present limits enumerate all the canals existing in Russia at time present day, it may therefore suffice to remark, that with a trifling interruption of only sixty miles, goods may be conveyed from the frontiers of China to Petersburg, being no less a distance than four thousand four hundred and seventy-two

PREFACE. xi

miles; the same advantages of transit by water are experienced by the traders between Petersburg and Astracan, whose merchandize is conveyed in that direction one thousand four hundred and thirty-four miles.

That England, pre-eminent as she is in commerce, should have promptly availed herself of this method of conveying her manufactures from one part of the island to another, is hardly to be wondered at. Her first canals were, however, the works of foreigners, and amongst these, the most remarkable one on record is the Caerdilie, cut by the Romans with a view of forming a communication between the Rivers Nyne or Nene and the Witham; the length of this stupendous work, for such it then was, however it has been exceeded by those of more recent date, was forty miles from its commencement in the Nene near Peterborough to its opening into the Witham three miles below Lincoln. For what has been effected from that time to the present day, we refer to the following pages, and shall now proceed to consider the other branch of commercial transit, the rail and tramroad.

Of the first adoption of the conveyance of goods on Railways, we have no distinct account; by whom they were originally brought into use, and in what part they obtained their celebrity, are facts alike unknown. To a certain degree they no doubt have been introduced many years ago; indeed it is not too much to suppose that the first workers of mines, not only in Britain but in other countries also, were acquainted with the method of laying a kind of tram for the sledge to run upon, afterwards fitted with wheels and converted into small waggons; to which we may trace the origin of our present improved mode of constructing them. But whatever may have been their origin, it appears that they were soon generally adopted - to a trifling extent, it is true, for during a great part of the time that they have been known, they have been limited to the conveyance of minerals from various parts of a mine to its mouth, in places where horses could not find room, and where the labour of propelling by manual force would have been particularly tedious and oppressive without their aid.

As their use became more apparent, the mode of applying it became more extensively sought into. From their former

PREFACE. xii

situation in the mine, they became a part of the machinery on the surface, making a communication between one mine and another, or between a series of mines and the place for depositing the minerals dug from them; as they became better understood, they were made more generally useful, till at last combined with inclined planes and other machinery connected therewith, they formed a communication not only between the mines and their depots, but also between these latter and the vessels, whereon the minerals were to be embarked for the purpose of conveyance to distant parts. Here the railway or tramroad appeared to have reached the extreme point of application, and here for several years it remained unaltered, except as to some trifling changes in the materials of which it was constructed, and the form into which those materials were shaped. But as the other branches of mechanical science became more extended, and particularly when the application of that powerful agent, Steam, became so generally practicable, a new era commenced with respect to railways and tramroads.

We believe we are correct in assigning to Mr. Treventhick, of Cornwall, the honour of first applying the steam engine to the propelling of loaded waggons on railways; his scheme was improved upon by Mr. John Blenkinsop, manager of the collieries at Middleton, near Leeds, belonging to the late Charles Brandling, Esquire, of Gosforth House, Northumberland, who obtained a patent for the construction of the railway, and the steam carriage thereon, which he immediately put in practice on the road from Middleton to the coal staith at Leeds, a distance of about four miles, on which road the coals for supplying that town are daily conveyed by steam. Since his application of the principle, most of our eminent engineers have turned their attention to the subject, and the consequence is, that in a few years we may expect travelling in steam carriages to be of as common occurrence as the conveyance of coal by the same means is now. The late experiments, made with the carriages of Messrs. Gurney, Stephenson, Errickson, Braithwaite, and other celebrated engineers, on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, have proved with what speed the distance between different places may be traversed, and the numerous applications to parliament, for acts to legalize the construction of

PREFACE. xiii

railways in many parts of the country, sufficiently prove the interest with which the subject is taken up; whilst from the very circumstance of the rapidity wherewith carriages have been propelled on this railway, it is now probable that ere long his Majesty's mails will be conveyed on the plan introduced by Mr. Dick.

It is not our intention in the present work to enter into a detail of the nature and mode of construction of canals, railways, locks, aqueducts or other works connected with them. Having presented our readers with a brief account of the progress of canals and railways from their first adoption to the present day, we must refer to the following sheets for a more particular detail of proceedings in all works of either description, already executed or in course of execution in England; and it now only remains for us to discharge a most pleasing part of our duty, that of acknowledging, which we do with most heartfelt gratitude, the support and encouragement we have received in the progress of our arduous undertaking. The work has presented numerous difficulties, of which at the outset we had formed no adequate ideas, whilst the expenses, attendant on the whole, have been materially increased by various circumstances, over which we had no control. Cheered, however, by the gratifying list of our subscribers, amongst whom we are proud to number many of exalted rank and distinguished talent in every branch of science, we have surmounted great difficulties and feel confident of having brought our design to a successful termination. In a work of such a nature, the materials whereof were so widely scattered, it is impossible entirely to guard against error or mistake, yet this we may assert, that every care has been taken to state each particular connected with our plan, on as good authority as the most diligent attention and careful reference to original and parliamentary documents could produce, we area therefore, willing to hope, that few mistakes of material import will be found in any of the succeeding pages.

In order to bring down the list of Canals and Railways to the time of the dissolution of the late parliament and thereby to furnish the particulars of every act at present in existence, the publication of the map has been delayed, at a great loss indeed to the proprietors, who have a large capital embarked in the

PREFACE. xiv

undertaking, but, as they are well aware, to the advantage of their subscribers, and to the increased value of the work itself.

To many valued friends the compiler of the following pages has to express his gratitude for information and assistance in various parts within their immediate knowledge. To none of them are his thanks more justly due than to Mr. John Walker, civil engineer, one of the proprietors of the map and the surveyor by whom it has been executed. This gentleman, in the course of his survey of the kingdom, devoted a considerable portion of time to the collection of materials, which have added greatly to the value and interest of the volume now most respectfully presented to the public.

JO. PRIESTLEY.

AIRE CALDER NAVIGATION OFFICE,

April, 1831.

**** end of Preface followed by:-

Title Page

- HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE NAVIGABLE RIVERS, CANALS, AND RAILWAYS, OF GREAT BRITAIN. -

Original Index

INDEX. i

NAME OF CANAL, &c.	WHERE SITUATE	No. on Index Map.	No. of Sheet on Large & Index Map.	Page in Refer- ence Book
ABERDARE CANAL	Glamorganshire	1	V.	1
Aberdeenshire Canal	Aberdeenshire	2	II.	2
Adur River	Sussex	4	VI.	4
Aire and Calder Navigation	Yorkshire	5	IV.	5
Alford Canal	Lincolnshire	7	IV.	18
Ancholme River Navigation	Lincolnshire	8	IV.	20
Andover Canal	Hampshire	9	VI.	23
Arun River Navigation	Sussex	10	VI.	25
Arun River	Sussex	11	VI.	28
Ashby-de-la-Zouch Canal	Warwickshire & Leicestershire	12	IV.	30
Ashton-under-Lyne Canal	Lancashire	13	III. IV.	32
Avon River	Hampshire	14	VI.	37
Avon River	Warwickshire and Worcestershire	15	IV.	38
Avon and Frome Rivers	Gloucestershire and Somershire	16	V.	41
Avon River	Gloucestershire and Somersetshire	17	V.	45
Avon and Gloucestershire Railway	Gloucestershire	106	V.	48
Axe River	Sommersetshire	18	V.	49
BALLOCHNEY RAILWAY	Lancashire	6	I.	51
Barnsley Canal	Yorkshire	19	IV.	52
Basingstoke Canal	Hampshire and Surrey	20	VI.	55
Baybridge Canal	Sussex	21	VI.	58
Bedford Level	Lincolnshire, Cambridge, &c	-	IV.	59
Berwick and Kelso Railway	Durham, Berwickshire and Roxburgshire	22	I. II.	59
Beverley Beck	Yorkshire	23	IV.	60
Birmingham Canal Navigations	Staffordshire and Warwickshire	24	IV.	63
Birmingham and Liverpool Junction Canal	Staffordshire, Shropshire & Cheshire	25	III. IV.	74
Blyth River	Suffolk	26	IV.	78
Blyth River	Northumberland	27	II.	78
Bolton and Leigh Railway	Lancashire	28	III	79
Borrowstowness Canal	Linlithgow and Sterling	29	I.	81
Bourn Eau River	Lincolnshire	30	IV.	83
Bradford Canal	Yorkshire	31	IV.	84
Brandling's Railroad	Yorkshire	32	IV.	86
Brecknock and Abergavenny Canal	Brecknockshire and Monmouthshire	33	V.	86
Bridgewater's (Duke of) Canal	Lancashire and Cheshire	34	III.	88
	Somersetshire	35	V.	93
Bridgend Railway	Glamorgan	36	V.	97
Bristol & Gloucesteshire Railway	Gloucestershire	37	V.	98

INDEX. ii

NAME OF CANAL, &c.	WHERE SITUATE	No. on Index Map.	No. of Sheet on Large & Index Map.	Page in Refer- ence Book
Britton Canal	Glamorganshire	38	V.	100
Bude Harbour and Canal	Cornwall and Devonshire	39	V.	101
Bullo Pill or Forest of Dean Railway	Gloucestershire	40	V.	105
Bure or North River	Norfolk	41	IV.	108
Bure, Yare and Wavensy Rivers,and Yarmouth Haven	Norfolk	42	IV.	109
Bury, Loughor and Lliedi Rivers	Glamorganshire & Carmarthenshire	43	V.	113
Bute Ship Canal	Glamorgan	270	V.	115
CAISTOR CANAL	Lincoln	44	IV.	118
Calder and Hebble Navigation	Yorkshire	45	IV.	120
Caledonian Canal	Invernessshire	46	II.	125
Cam or Grant River	Cambridge	47	IV.	129
Camel River	Cornwall	48	V.	130
Canterbury Navigation or River Stour	Kent	49	VI.	131
Canterbury and Whitstable Railway	Kent	50	VI.	137
Carlisle Canal	Cumberland	51	I.	140
Cardiff Canal (see Glamorganshire Canal)	Glamorganshire	102	V.	142, 282
Carmarthenshire Railway	Carmarthenshire	52	V.	142
Carron River	Stirlingshire	53	I.	144
Cart River	Renfrewshire	54	I.	144
Chelmer and Blackwater Navigation	Essex	55	VI.	146
Chester Canal (see Ellesmere and Chester Canal Navigation)	Cheshire, Shropshire and Denbighshire	91	III.	148, 233
Chesterfield Canal	Nottingham, Yorkshire and Derbyshire	56	IV.	148
Clarence Railway	Durham	57	II.	151
Clyde River	Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire and Dumbartonshire	58	I.	156
Colne River	Essex	59	VI.	161
Conway River	Denbigh and Carnarvonshire	60	III.	164
Coomhe Hill Canal	Gloucestershire	61	V.	164
Coventry Canal	Warwickshire	63	IV.	165
Cree River or Water of Cree	Kirkcudbrighit & Wigtonshire	64	I.	169
Crinan Canal	Argyleshire	65	I.	169
Cromford Canal	Nottinghamshire & Derbyshire	66	IV.	172
Cromford and High Peak Railway	Derbyshire	67	IV.	175
Crouch River	Essex	68	VI.	178
Croydon Canal	Kent and Surrey	69	VI.	178
Croydon, Merstham and Godstone Railway	Surrey	70	VI.	181
DANE RIVER (not navigable)	Cheshire	-	III.	183
Darent River	Kent	72	VI.	184
Dart River	Devonshire	73	V.	184
Dearne and Dove Canal	Yorkshire	74	IV.	185
Deben River	Suffolk	75	IV.	189
Dee River	Cheshire and Flintshire	76	III.	189
Derby Canal	Derbyshire	77	IV.	193
Derwent River	Derbyshire	78	IV.	197
Derwent River	Yorkshire	79	II. IV.	197
Devon River	Perthshire & Clackmannanshire	80	I.	199
Dorset and Somerset Canal	Wilts, Somerset and Dorset	81	V.	199

INDEX. iii

NAME OF CANAL, &c.	WHERE SITUATE	No. on Index Map.	No. of Sheet on Large & Index Map.	Page in Refer- ence Book
Douglas Navigation (see Leeds and Liverpool Canal)	Lancashire	146	III.	201, 385
Driflield Navigation	Yorkshire	82	IV.	201
Droitwich Canal	Worcestershire	83	III. IV.	204
Dudley Canal	Staffordshire & Worcestershire	84	IV.	205
Dutffryn Llynvi, and Porth Cawl Railway	Glamorganshire	85	V.	210
Dulais Railway	Glamorganshire	3	V.	213
Dundee and Newtyle Railway	Forfarshire	86	II.	214
Dun River Navigation	Yorkshire	87	IV.	216
EDEN RIVER	Cumberland	88	I.	224
Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway	Edinburghshire	89	I.	225
Edinburgh and Glasgow Union Canal	Stirlingslshire, Linlithgow & Edinburghshire	90	I.	230
Ellesmere and Chester Canal	Cheshire, Denbighshire and Shropshire	91	III.	233
English and Bristol Channels Ship Canal	Devon, Dorset & Somersetshire	92	V.	246
Erewash Canal	Derbyshire & Nottinghamshire	93	IV.	251
Exe River and Exeter Canal	Devonshire	94	V.	253
FAL OR VALE RIVER	Cornwall	95	V.	262
Forth River	Perth, Stirling, Clackmannon, Fife, Linlithgow & Edinburgh Shires	96	I.	263
Forth and Clyde Canal	Dumbartonshire, Lanarkshire and Stirlingshire	97	I.	266
Foss Navigation	Yorkshire	98	IV.	273
Fossdike Navigation	Lincolnshire	99	IV.	276
GARNKIRK AND GLASGOW RAILWAY	Lanarkshire	100	I.	278
Garturk Railway (see Wishaw and Coltness Railway)	Lanarkshire	264	I.	280, 683
Gippen or Gipping River	Suffolk	101	IV.	280
Glamorganshire Canal	Glamorganshire	102	V.	282
Glasgow, Paisley and Ardrossan Canal and Railway	Ayr Renfrew & Lanarkshire	103	I.	284
Glastonbury Navigation	Somersetshire	104	V.	287
Glenkenns Canal	Kirkcudbrightshire	105	I.	289
Gloucester and Berkeley Canal	Gloucester	107	V.	291
Gloucester & Cheltenham Railway	Gloucestershire	108	V. VI.	295
Grand Junction Canal	Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Middlesex	109	IV. VI.	297
Grand Surrey Canal	Surrey	110	VI.	312
Grand Union Canal	Leicestershire & Northamptonshire	111	IV.	318
Grand Western Canal	Somersetshire & Devonshire	112	V.	320
Grantham Canal	Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire and Lincolnshire	113	IV.	322
Gresley Canal	Staffordshire	114	III.	324
Grimsby Port or Haven	Lincolnshire	115	IV.	325
Grosmont Railway	Monmouthshire and Herefordshire	116	V.	326

INDEX. iv

NAME OF CANAL, &c.	WHERE SITUATE	No. on Index Map.	No. of Sheet on Large & Index Map.	Page in Refer- ence Book
HAMOAZE RIVER OR ESTUARY	Cornwall and Devonshire	117	V.	327
Hartlepool Canal	Durham	118	II.	327
Hay Railway	Brecknockshire and Herefordshire	119	III. V.	328
Heck and Wentbridge Railway	Yorkshire	120	IV.	330
Hedon Haven	Yorkshire	121	IV.	332
Hereford Railway	Herefordshire	122	III. V.	333
Hereford and Gloucester Canal	Herefordshire & Gloucestershire	123	-	334
Hertford Union Canal	Middlesex	124	VI.	336
Horncastle Navigation	Lincolnshire	125	IV.	338
Huddersfield Canal	Yorkshire and Cheshire	126	IV.	340
Hull, Port of (see Kingston-upon-Hull)	Yorkshire	-	IV.	345,369
Hull River (see Driffleld Navigation)	Yorkshire	140	IV.	345, 201
Humber and Ouze	Yorkshire	-	IV.	345
Humber River (see Louth Navigation)	Lincolnshire	157	IV.	345, 427
Hythe River (see Colne River)	Essex	59	VI.	345, 161
IDLE RIVER	Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire	129	IV.	345
Inverness and Fort William Canal (see Caledonian Canal)	Invernesssshire	46	II.	346, 125
Isle of Dogs Canal	Middlesex	130	VI.	346
Itchin Navigation	Hampshire	131	VI.	347
Ivel River	Bedfordshire & Hertfordshire	132	IV. VI.	350
Ivelchester and Langport Canal	Somersetshire	133	V.	352
KENNET AND AVON CANAL	Wiltshire and Berkshire	134	V. VI.	353
Kennet River	Berkshire	135	VI.	360
Kensington Canal	Middlesex	136	VI.	361
Kenyon and Leigh Railway	Lincolnshire	137	III.	363
Ketley Canal (see Shropshire Canal)	Shropshire	222	III.	365, 574
Kidwelly Canal	Carmarthenshire	138	V.	365
Kilmarnock Railway	Ayrshire	139	I.	367
Kingston-upon-Hull	Yorkshire	140	IV.	369
Kington Canal (see Leominster Canal)	Herefordshire and Worcestershire	149	III.	369, 409
Kington Railway	Herefordshire & Radnorshire	141	III.	370
Kirkintilloch or Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway	Lanarkshire & Dumbartonshire	142	I.	371
LANCASTER CANAL	Westmoreland & Lancashire	143	I. III.	372
Lapworth and Ringwood Canal (see Stratford-upon-Avon Canal)	Warwickshire	238	IV.	377, 598
Larke River	Suffolk and Cambridge	144	IV.	377
Lea River	Middlesex, Hertfordshire	145	VI.	379
Leeds and Liverpool Canal and Douglas Navigation	Yorkshire and Lancashire	146	III. IV.	385
Leeds and Selby Railway	Yorkshire	271	IV.	397
Leicester Navigation	Leicestershire	147	IV.	400
Leicester and Mellon Mowbray Navigation (see Wreak & Eye Navigation)	Leicestershire	267	IV.	403, 695
Leicestershire and Northamptonshire Union Canal	Leicestershire & Northamptonshire	148	IV.	403
Leicester & Swannington Railway	Leicestershire	272	IV.	405

INDEX. v

NAME OF CANAL, &c.	WHERE SITUATE	No. on Index Map.	No. of Sheet on Large & Index Map.	Page in Refer- ence Book
Leominster or Kington and Leominster Canal	Herefordshire & Worcestershire	149	III.	409
Leven Canal	Yorkshire	150	IV.	412
Lewes Navigation (see Ouze River, Sussex)	Sussex	189	VI.	414, 487
Lidbrook and Lydney Railway (see Severn and Wye Railway and Canal)	Gloucestershire	219	V.	414, 565
Liskeard and Looe Canal	Cornwall	151	V.	414
Liverpool and Manchester Railway	Lancashire	152	III.	415
Liverpool Docks and Harbour	Lancashire	153	III.	420
Llanelly Railway and Dock	Carmarthenshire	154	V.	421
Lianllyfin and Carnarvon Railway (see Nantlle Railway)	Carnarvonshire	172	III.	422, 458
Llanfihangel Railway	Monmouthshire	155	V.	423
London and Cambridge Junction Canal	Essex and Cambridgeshire	156	IV. VI.	424
Louth Canal	Lincolnshire	157	IV.	427
Loyne or Lune River	Lancashire	158	III.	430
MACCLESFIELD CANAL	Cheshire	159	III. IV.	432
Mamhilad Railway, (see also Usk Tramroad)	Monmouthshire	160	V.	434, 650
Manchester, Ashton and Oldham Canal (see Ashton-under-Lyne Canal)	Lancashire	13	III. IV.	435, 32
Manchester, Bolton & Bury Canal	Lancashire	161	III.	435
Manchester and Oldham Railway	Lancashire	162	III. IV.	437
Mansfield and Pinxton Railway	Nottinghamshire & Derbyshire	163	IV.	439
Market Weighton Canal	Yorkshire	164	IV.	441
Medway River	Kent	165	VI.	443
Mersey River	Lancashire and Cheshire	166	III.	447
Mersey and Irwell Navigation	Lancashire and Cheshire	167	III.	448
Monkland Canal	Lanarkshire	168	I.	449
Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway (see Kirkintilloch or Monkland & Kirkintilloch Railway)	Lanarkshire & Dumbartonshire	142	I.	450, 371
Monmouth Railway	Monmouthshire & Gloucestershire	169	V.	451
Monmonthshire Canal	Monmouthshire	170	V.	453
Montgomeryshire Canal	Montgomeryshire	171	III.	455
NANTLLE RAILWAY	Carnarvonshire	172	III.	458
Narr River	Norfolk	173	IV.	459
Neath Canal	Glamorganshire	174	V.	460
Nyne or Nen River	Northamptonshire	175	lV.	463
Nyne or Nen River, Bedford Level	Cambridgeshire	176	IV.	466
Nene and Wisbech Rivers	Cambridgeshire, Norfolk & Lincolnshire	177	IV.	467
Newcastle-under-Lyne Canal	Staffordshire	178	III.	470
Newcastle-under-Lyne Junction Canal	Staffordshire	179	III.	470
Newcastle upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway	Cumberland, Northumberland and Durham	180	I. II.	471
Newport Pagnell Canal	Buckinghamshire	181	IV.	474
Nith or Nidd River Navigation	Kirkcudbright and Dumfresshire	182	I.	476

INDEX. vi

NAME OF CANAL, &c.	WHERE SITUATE	No. on Index Map.	No. of Sheet on Large & Index Map.	Page in Refer- ence Book
North Wahsham and Dilham Canal	Norfolk	183	IV.	477
North Wilts Canal	Wiltshire	184	VI.	478
Norwich and Lowsetoft Navigation	Norfolk and Suffolk	185	IV.	479
Nottingham Canal	Nottinghamshire	186	lV.	482
Nutbrook or Shipley Canal	Derbyshire	187	IV.	484
OAKHAM CANAL	Leicestershire & Rutlandshire	188	IV.	485
Ouse River (Sussex)	Sussex	189	VI.	487
Ouse River (York)	Yorkshire	190	lV.	491
Ouse River (Bedford Level)	Norfolk and Suffolk	191	IV.	495
Ouse and Larke	Cambridgeshire, Suffolk & Norfolk	191 a	IV.	497
Ouse (Great) River	Bedfordshire, Huntingdonshire and Cambridgeshire	192	IV.	499
Oxford Canal	Oxfordshire & Warwickshire	193	IV. VI.	501
Oystermouth Railway	Glamorganshire	194	V.	510
PEAK FOREST CANAL	Derbyshire and Cheshire	195	IV.	511
Peak Forest, Beard & Woodlands Railways	Derbyshire	196	IV.	514
Pembrey Harbour, Canal & Railway	Carmarthenshire	197	V.	514
Penelawdd Canal	Glamorganahire	198	V.	516
Penrhynmaur Railway	Anglesea	199	III.	517
Plymouth and Dartmoor Railway	Devonshire	200	V.	518
Pocklington Canal	Yorkshire	201	IV.	521
Polbrock Canal	Cornwall	202	V.	524
Polloc and Govan Railway	Lanarkshire	274	I.	525
Portland Railway	Dorsetshire	203	V.	526
Portsmouth and Arundel Canal	Sussex and Hampshire	204	VI.	527
RAMSDEN'S (SIR JOHN) CANAL	Yorkshire	205	IV.	531
Redruth and Chasewater Railway	Cornwall	206	V.	532
Regent's Canal	Middlesex	207	VI.	534
Ribble River	Lancashire	208	III.	541
Rochdale Canal	Yorkshire and Lancashire	209	III. IV.	542
Rodon River	Essex	210	VI.	547
Rother River	Sussex	211	VI.	547
Royal Military or Shorncliff and Rye Canal	Kent and Sussex	212	VI.	549
Rumney Railway	Monmouthshire	213	V.	550
ST. COLUMB CANAL	Cornwall	214	V.	552
St. Helen's & Runcorn Gap Railway	Lancashire	275	III.	553
Salisbury and Southampton Canal	Hampshire	215	VI.	557
Sankey Brook Navigation	Lancashire	216 276	III.	558
Saundersfoot Railway	Pembrokeshire	217	V.	562
Severn River	Montgomeryshire, Shropshire, Woreestershire and Gloucestershire	218	III. V.	562
Severn and Wye Railway & Canal	Gloucestershire	219	VI.	565
Sheffield Canal	Yorkshire	220	IV.	570
Shipley Collieries Canal (see Nutbrook and Shipley Canal)	Derbyshire	187	IV.	572, 484
Shrewsbury Canal	Shropshire	221	III.	573
Shropshire Canal	Shropshire	222	III.	574
Sirhowey Tramroad	Monmouthshire	223	V.	575
Sleaford Navigation	Lincolnshire	224	IV.	576

INDEX. vii

Kent

NAME OF CANAL, &c.	WHERE SITUATE	No. on Index Map.	No. of Sheet on Large & Index Map.	Page in Refer- ence Book
Soar River or Loughborongh Navigation	Leicestershire	225	IV.	578
Somersetshire Coal Canal & Lock Fund	Somersetshire	226	V.	580
Spittal and Kelso Railway (see Berwick and Kelso Railway)	Roxburgh, Berwick and detached part of Durham	22	I. II.	582
Staffordshire & Worcestershire Canal	Staffordshire & Worcestershire	228	III.	583
Stainforth and Keadby Canal	Yorkshire and Lincolnshire	229	lV.	585
Stockton and Darlington Railway	Yorkshire and Durham	230	II.	588
Stort River	Hertfordshire and Essex	231	VI.	593
Stourbridge Canal	Staffordshire & Worcestershire	232	IV.	594
Stour and Salwerp Rivers	Staffordshire & Worcestershire	-	IV.	596
Stour River	Essex and Suffolk	234	VI.	597
Stratford-upon-Avon Canal	Warwickshire & Worcestershire	235	IV.	598
Stratford and Moreton Railway	Warwickshire & Gloucestershire	236	IV. VI.	603
Stroudwater Navigation	Gloucestershire	237	V.	606
Surrey (Grand) Canal (see Grand Surrey Canal)	Surrey	110	VI.	608, 312
Surrey Iron Railway	Surrey	238	VI.	609
Swale River & Bedale Brook (see Ouse River, York)	Yorkshire	190	IV.	610, 491
Swansea Canal	Brecknockshire & Glamorganshire	239	V.	611
TAMAR MANURE NAVIGATION	Devonshire and Cornwall	240	V.	612
Tavistock Canal	Devonshire	241	V.	613
Tay River and Perth Navigation	Perthshire, Fifeshire & Forfar	277	II.	615
Tees Navigation	Durham and Yorkshire	242	II.	617
Thames River	Oxford, Berks, Bucks, Surrey, Middlesex, Essex and Kent	243	VI.	619
Thames and Medway Canal		244	VI.	630
Thames and Severn Canal	Gloucestershire and Wiltshire	245	V. VI.	633
Thanet Canal	Yorkshire	246	IV.	637
Tone River, or Tone and Parrett Navigation	Somersetshire	247	V.	637
Trent River	Leicester, Derby, Nottingham and Lincoln Shires	248	IV.	638
Trent and Mersey Canal	Cheshire, Staffordshire and Derbyshire	249	III. IV.	643
ULVERSTONE CANAL	Lancashire	250	I.	647
Ure River	Yorkshire	251	IV.	648
Usk Tramroad (see also Mamhilad Railway)	Monmonthshire	160	V.	650
WARRINGTON & NEWTON RAILWAY	Lancashire	253	III.	651
Warwick and Birmingham Canal	Warwickshire	254	IV.	655
Warwick and Napton Canal	Warwickshire	255	IV.	657
Weald of Kent Canal	Kent	256	VI.	660
Wear River	Durham	257	II.	661
Weaver Navigation	Cheshire	258	III.	666
Welland River	Lincolnshire	259	IV.	669
West Lothian Railway	Lanarkshire and Linlithgowshire	260	I.	670

INDEX. viii

NAME OF CANAL, &c.	WHERE SITUATE	No. on Index Map.	No. of Sheet on Large & Index Map.	Page in Refer- ence Book
Western Ship Canal (see Grand Western Canal)	Devon and Somersetshire	112	-	672, 320
Wey River	Surrey	261	VI.	672
Wey and Arun Junction Canal	Surrey and Sussex	261 a	VI.	673
Wigan Branch Railway	Lancashire	278	III.	674
Wilts and Berks Canal	Wiltshire and Berkshire	262	-	678
Wisbech Canal	Cambridge	263	IV.	682
Wishaw and Coltness Railway	Lanarkshire	264	I.	683
Witham River	Lincolnshire	265	IV.	684
Worcester and Birmingham Canal	Worcestershire	266	-	690
Worsley Brook (see Bridgewater's Canal)	Lancashire	34	III.	695, 88
Wreak and Eye Rivers or Leicester and Melton Mowbray Navigation	Leicestershire	267	IV.	695
Wye and Lugg Rivers	Radnor, Hereford, Monmouth and Gloucester Shires	268	III. V.	697
Wyrley and Essington Canal	Staffordshire	269	IV.	700

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Text and photographs copyright of Jim Shead.